Heuristic and Hermeneutic Analysis of Zuhair Bin Abi Sulma's Poetry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v26i1.137Keywords:
Hermeneutics, Heuristics, Poetry, Zuhair bin Abi SulmaAbstract
This study aims to analyze the poetry of Zuhair bin Abi Sulma using Michael Riffaterre's semiotic approach through heuristic and hermeneutic analysis. This approach is used to reveal the relationship between language structure, textual meaning, and ethical and philosophical messages contained in the Arabic poetry of Jahiliyah. This research is descriptive qualitative with data sources in the form of seven verses of Mu'allaqah Zuhair bin Abi Sulma which are analyzed lexically and grammatically at the heuristic stage, then interpreted symbolically and contextually at the hermeneutic stage. The results of the study show that Zuhair's poetry contains deep reflections on human limitations, the uncertainty of the future, the inevitability of death, the importance of moral wisdom, openness of character, and the role of speech as a revealer of the inner self. Through the integration of heuristic and hermeneutic readings, this poetry is understood not only as an aesthetic expression, but also as an ethical-philosophical text that represents the outlook on life of pre-Islamic Arab society and has universal relevance across time.
Downloads
References
Abbas, H. G. (2021). Effect of Mesopotamian civilizations on the religions of Arabs before Islam. Trames, 25(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.3176/tr.2021.1.03
Azzam, N. (2022). Zuhair bin Abi Salma’s vision on peace and war. Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences, 49(4), 27–32. https://doi.org/10.35516/hum.v49i4.2030
Balla, B. (2012). Symbolism, synesthesia, and semiotics, multidisciplinary approach. Bloomington, IN: Xlibris Corporation.
Bintang, L. A., Mardiyah, R., Nasution, A. K., Prastiwi, T., Pulungan, K. A., Prabowo, R., & Windari, S. (2025). Puisi dan retorika sebagai media dakwah: Analisis nilai-nilai moral dan etika dalam sastra Arab pra-Islam. Tashdiq: Jurnal Kajian Agama dan Dakwah, 17(2), 161–170.
Bunyamin, B. (2013). Zuhair bin Abi Sulma dan puisi Muallaqat-nya: Kajian intrinsik. Dalam T. A. Dardiri dkk. (Ed.), Merangkai ilmu-ilmu keadaban: Penghormatan purna tugas Ustaz Muhammad Muqoddas (hlm. 99). Yogyakarta: Penerbit Beranda.
Dahlan, J. (2011). Sejarah sastra Arab masa Jahili. Surabaya: Jauhar.
Dardiri, A., & Fudhaili, A. (2025). Tasybih dalam Mu’allaqoh Zuhair bin Abi Sulma: Kajian balaghah dan analisis. Jurnal Teologi Islam, 1(2), 198–207. https://doi.org/10.63822/evnddb62
Freeman, M. H. (2020). The poem as icon: A study in aesthetic cognition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fuadah, N., & Sofa, A. R. (2025). Perkembangan sastra Arab dan pengaruhnya terhadap bahasa. Pragmatik: Jurnal Rumpun Ilmu Bahasa dan Pendidikan, 3(3), 198–209. https://doi.org/10.61132/pragmatik.v3i3.1811
Hadri, H. (2025). Pengaruh syair Mu‘allaqat karya Imru’al-Qais terhadap syair modern Ahmad Syauqi (suatu analisis komparatif) [Disertasi doktoral, IAIN Parepare].
Indriati, S., Gajah, A. S., Hayati, D. H., & Al Rasyid, H. (2025). Pemahaman dan penerapan al-istikhdam dan al-istihrad dalam sastra bahasa Arab. Jurnal Sathar, 3(1), 39–52. https://doi.org/10.59548/js.v3i1.360
Irmalia, Y. N., Chusna, A., & Bakar, M. Y. A. (2025). Menggali hubungan bahasa terhadap pikiran: Studi sintaksis dan pragmatik berdasarkan hipotesis Sapir-Whorf. Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, 18(2), 961–970.
Khaironi, K. A. S. (2021). Metode mustaqilli 3. Tangerang Selatan: Mustaqilli Arabic Center.
Kurniawan, R. M. A., Ritonga, R., Hrp, A. A., Kastrawi, P., & Nasution, A. M. (2024). Analisis semiotika Riffaterre dalam puisi "Hiya fil masāi waḥīdatin" karya Mahmoud Darwish. Kajian Linguistik dan Sastra, 9(1), 43–61. https://doi.org/10.23917/kls.v9i1.3233
Marlina, M. A., Baso, Y. S., & Ramadhan, I. (2024). Analisis qafiyah dalam syair “Amin ummu aufaa dimnatun lam takallami” karya Zuhair bin Abi Sulma: Analisis ilmu qawafi. Jurnal Sarjana Ilmu Budaya, 4(3), 81–104. https://doi.org/10.12259/jsib.v4i03(September).36847
Mufid, M., Rohmanudin, R., & Indriana, N. (2025). Makna moral dalam Muallaqah Zuhair bin Abi Sulma: Studi semiotika Roland Barthes / Moral meanings in the Muallaqah of Zuhair bin Abi Sulma: A study based on Roland Barthes' semiotics. Loghat Arabi: Jurnal Bahasa Arab dan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 6(2), 481–500. https://doi.org/10.36835/loghat.v6i2.452
Munawwir, A. W., & Munawwir, A. W. (2020). Kamus Al-Munawwir Arab-Indonesia terlengkap. Surabaya: Pustaka Progressif.
Nizar, H. S. (2023). Tafsir kauniyah: Pendekatan filosofis, sosiologis, dan fenomenologis. Jakarta: Prenada Media.
Pebrian, M. A., Anandi, M. R., Putri, D. E., & Waradana, A. F. (2025). Representasi sosial dalam puisi Batas Panggung karya Wiji Thukul dan puisi Zaman Kalabusuk karya Sosiawan Leak: Implikasi sosial terhadap perubahan masyarakat. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra, 25(1), 140–153. https://doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v25i1.84456
Pietrzak, B. (2022). The concept of honor in the language of early Arabic poetry: A cultural linguistic study. Berlin: Peter Lang.
Pradopo, R. D. (2021). Beberapa teori sastra metode kritik dan penerapannya. Yogyakarta: UGM Press.
Rice, L., & Hamdy, K. (2016). Folk poetry, local knowledge, and resistance in Tunisia. The Journal of North African Studies, 21(2), 283–300. https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2015.1092892
Riffaterre, M. (1978). Semiotics of poetry (Vol. 19). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Sahin, U. (2022). The adduce (Istishhad) with poetry in the science of fiqh: The case of al-Mabsūt. Mutefekkir, 9(18). https://doi.org/10.30523/mutefekkir.1219561
Saleh, N. (2020). Dasar-dasar bahasa Arab. Jakarta: Insan Rabbani.
Serez, Ş. (2025). Contemporary poetry as cross-cultural dialogue: exploring identity, healing, and global voices. Journal of Poetry Therapy, 1-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5448474
Setiawan, K. E. P., & Andayani, M. P. (2019). Strategi ampuh memahami makna puisi: Teori semiotika Michael Riffaterre dan penerapannya. Cirebon: Eduvision.
Solichah, N. A., & Ahmadi, A. (2025). Pendekatan S.H.R.A sebagai strategi pembelajaran mendalam dalam meningkatkan kemampuan reflektif dan pemaknaan puisi kontemporer. Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah dan Riset Sosial Humaniora, 5(2), 206–219.
Supriatin, E. S. (2020). Kajian makna puisi keagamaan (metode hermeneutika). Magetan: Spasi Media.
Szombathy, Z. (2009). Actions speak louder than words: Reactions to lampoons and abusive poetry in medieval Arabic society. Dalam C. Lange & M. Fierro (Eds.), Public violence in Islamic societies: Power, discipline, and the construction of the public sphere, 7th-19th centuries (hlm. 87–116). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Thwala, J. J. (2017). An examination of symbolism in JP Shongwe’s poetry. Journal of Social Sciences, 50(1-3), 88–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/09766634.2017.1357221
Webb, P. (2014). Al-Jāhiliyya: Uncertain Times of Uncertain Meanings. Der Islam, 91(1). https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2014-0005
Yuzmukhametova, L. N., Amineva, V. R., & Shimonik, D. (2018). Comparative poetics as a method of studying inter literary dialogues. Opción, 34(Special Issue 17), 1006–1016.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nalahuddin Saleh, Rohanda, Abdul Kodir, Hanif Maasy Rachman (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
