Abstract
Ciamis Sundanese and Cilacap Javanese are two regional languages spoken in the border areas of West Java and Central Java, creating continuous spatial proximity and potential language contact. This study aims to analyze and determine the linguistic genetic relationship between Ciamis Sundanese and Cilacap Javanese using a lexicostatistical approach. The research data consisted of 100 Swadesh basic vocabulary glosses collected from native speakers of both languages through observation and interview methods, supplemented by elicitation, recording, and note-taking techniques. Cognate analysis was conducted by comparing phonemes across three phonological aspects: place of articulation, manner of articulation, and state of vocal cords, classifying word pairs into identical (S), similar (M), or different (B) categories. The results showed that out of the 100 compared glosses, 4 glosses were categorized as identical, 21 glosses as similar, and 75 glosses as different. Consequently, a total of 25 glosses were identified as cognates. Based on lexicostatistical calculations, the percentage of language kinship between Ciamis Sundanese and Cilacap Javanese is 25%. According to Swadesh's classification criteria, this 25% genetic similarity places both languages within the same stock category, which ranges from 12% to 36%. The conclusion of this study confirms that although Ciamis Sundanese and Cilacap Javanese exhibit dominant lexical and phonological differences due to language differentiation processes, both languages remain historically and genealogically connected within the same language stock.
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